{"id":965,"date":"2026-01-09T15:07:28","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T14:07:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/?p=965"},"modified":"2026-01-12T11:17:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-12T10:17:20","slug":"podpora-kognitivnych-schopnosti-deti-do-troch-rokov-vyber-montessori-hraciek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/podpora-kognitivnych-schopnosti-deti-do-troch-rokov-vyber-montessori-hraciek\/","title":{"rendered":"Podpora kognit\u00edvnych schopnost\u00ed det\u00ed do troch rokov &#8211; v\u00fdber Montessori hra\u010diek"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Montessori pedagogika, ktor\u00fa vytvorila talianska lek\u00e1rka a pedagogi\u010dka Maria Montessori, je vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed pr\u00edstup zameran\u00fd na podporu prirodzen\u00e9ho v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a prostredn\u00edctvom vhodne pripraven\u00e9ho prostredia. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa obozn\u00e1mite s hist\u00f3riou priekopn\u00ed\u010dky tejto pedagogickej met\u00f3dy a dozviete sa, ak\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/hracky\/62\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">hra\u010dky <\/mark><\/a>a pom\u00f4cky podporuj\u00fa prirodzen\u00fd v\u00fdvin det\u00ed od 0 do 3 rokov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863343\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Ak\u00e1 bola hist\u00f3ria Marie Montessori?<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863344\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u010co je Montessori met\u00f3da?<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863345\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Ako vybra\u0165 Montessori hra\u010dky pod\u013ea veku die\u0165a\u0165a?<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863346\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">F\u00e1zy v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863347\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">V\u00fdvin die\u0165a\u0165a a v\u00fdber didaktick\u00fdch pom\u00f4cok<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863348\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Legenda &#8211; zru\u010dnosti rozv\u00edjan\u00e9 jednotliv\u00fdmi hra\u010dkami<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc218863349\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Zhrnutie<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863343\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Ak\u00e1 bola hist\u00f3ria Marie Montessori?<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Maria Montessori vyrastala v malom, konzervat\u00edvnom meste\u010dku na juhu Talianska. Napriek prek\u00e1\u017ekam a nes\u00fahlasu otca sa nevzdala t\u00fa\u017eby po vzdelan\u00ed a ako jedna z prv\u00fdch \u017eien v Taliansku z\u00edskala diplom lek\u00e1rky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fdm sa v\u0161ak v\u00fdzvy neskon\u010dili. Svoje odborn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti z\u00edskavala okrem in\u00e9ho na Psychiatrickej klinike Univerzity v R\u00edme. Pr\u00e1ve tam si v\u0161imla u det\u00ed prirodzen\u00fa t\u00fa\u017ebu spozn\u00e1va\u0165 svet a vn\u00fatorn\u00fa silu, ktor\u00e1 ich poh\u00e1\u0148a k sebarozvoju. Maria viedla aj Detsk\u00fd domov (Casa dei Bambini) v San Lorenzo, jednej z najchudobnej\u0161\u00edch \u0161tvrt\u00ed R\u00edma. Starala sa o ve\u013ek\u00fd po\u010det det\u00ed r\u00f4zneho veku. Napriek n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm podmienkam tam zaviedla svoju met\u00f3du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledky boli ohromuj\u00face a vyu\u017e\u00edvame ich dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863344\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u010co je Montessori met\u00f3da?<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Montessori pedagogika je vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed pr\u00edstup zameran\u00fd na podporu prirodzen\u00e9ho v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a prostredn\u00edctvom vhodne pripraven\u00e9ho prostredia. Medzi jej hlavn\u00e9 z\u00e1sady patria:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Samostatnos\u0165 a nez\u00e1vislos\u0165:<\/strong> Deti s\u00fa povzbudzovan\u00e9 k vlastn\u00fdm rozhodnutiam a \u010dinnostiam, \u010do podporuje ich auton\u00f3miu a schopnos\u0165 samostatne rie\u0161i\u0165 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pripraven\u00e9 prostredie:<\/strong> Vytv\u00e1ranie prostredia prisp\u00f4soben\u00e9ho potreb\u00e1m det\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 im umo\u017e\u0148uje slobodn\u00fd v\u00fdber aktiv\u00edt a podporuje ich prirodzen\u00fd v\u00fdvin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>U\u010denie sa \u010dinnos\u0165ou:<\/strong> Deti sa u\u010dia prostredn\u00edctvom priamych sk\u00fasenost\u00ed a manipul\u00e1cie s eduka\u010dn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi, \u010do im pom\u00e1ha lep\u0161ie pochopi\u0165 abstraktn\u00e9 pojmy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zmie\u0161an\u00e9 vekov\u00e9 skupiny:<\/strong> Deti r\u00f4zneho veku sa u\u010dia spolu, \u010do podporuje spolupr\u00e1cu, vz\u00e1jomn\u00fa pomoc a rozvoj soci\u00e1lnych zru\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00daloha u\u010dite\u013ea ako sprievodcu:<\/strong> U\u010dite\u013e pozoruje a podporuje deti v ich individu\u00e1lnom v\u00fdvine namiesto vnucovania pevne stanoven\u00e9ho u\u010debn\u00e9ho programu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863345\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Ako vybra\u0165 Montessori hra\u010dky pod\u013ea veku die\u0165a\u0165a?<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k v\u00fdberu hra\u010diek pod\u013ea pedagogiky Marie Montessori je zvoli\u0165 primeran\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, ktor\u00e9 die\u0165a neodradia, ale podnietia jeho t\u00fa\u017ebu po poznan\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 v\u00fdvinov\u00e1 etapa m\u00e1 svoje \u0161pecifick\u00e9 znaky. Aktivity, ktor\u00e9 de\u0165om pon\u00fakame, by mali zodpoveda\u0165 ich veku a aktu\u00e1lnym potreb\u00e1m. Pri v\u00fdbere hra\u010diek a aktiv\u00edt treba bra\u0165 do \u00favahy individu\u00e1lne potreby die\u0165a\u0165a aj f\u00e1zu v\u00fdvinu, v ktorej sa pr\u00e1ve nach\u00e1dza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/montessori-pre-mensie-deti\/7356\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Montessori-metoda-edited.jpg\" alt=\"Die\u0165a sa usmieva pri hre s montessori didaktickou hra\u010dkou podporuj\u00facou samostatnos\u0165 a logick\u00e9 myslenie\" class=\"wp-image-982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Montessori-metoda-edited.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Montessori-metoda-edited-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Montessori-metoda-edited-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Montessori-metoda-edited-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863346\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">F\u00e1zy v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V prv\u00fdch 3 mesiacoch \u017eivota si die\u0165a rozv\u00edja schopnosti uchopovania, pret\u00e1\u010dania sa z chrbta na bok, dv\u00edhania sa na vystret\u00fdch ruk\u00e1ch a pripravuje sa na sedenie prostredn\u00edctvom sedenia s oporou dospel\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Od 6 do 12 mesiacov sa u\u010d\u00ed samostatne sedie\u0165 a nesk\u00f4r st\u00e1\u0165, rozv\u00edja r\u00f4zne \u00fachopy ruky, napr. dla\u0148ov\u00fd, pinzetov\u00fd \u010di no\u017enicov\u00fd. V tomto obdob\u00ed mo\u017eno pozorova\u0165 aj rozvoj soci\u00e1lno-emocion\u00e1lnych schopnost\u00ed \u2013 zvy\u0161uje sa jeho uvedomovanie si seba a schopnos\u0165 nadv\u00e4zova\u0165 kontakt, die\u0165a vyjadruje svoje potreby prostredn\u00edctvom zvukov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Od 1 do 2 rokov sa intenz\u00edvne rozv\u00edja motorika. Die\u0165a sa u\u010d\u00ed samostatne chodi\u0165 \u2013 najsk\u00f4r neisto, nesk\u00f4r s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou istotou. Roz\u0161iruje sa rozsah jeho pohybov: lezie na n\u00e1bytok, \u010dup\u00ed, beh\u00e1, poskakuje s rozpa\u017een\u00fdmi rukami, tla\u010d\u00ed a \u0165ah\u00e1 predmety. Ide aj o plodn\u00e9 obdobie pre rozvoj re\u010di \u2013 die\u0165a rozumie \u010doraz v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu po\u010dtu slov a dok\u00e1\u017ee vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 dvoj- a\u017e viacslovn\u00e9 vety zrozumite\u013en\u00e9 pre opatrovate\u013eov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Od 2 do 3 rokov deti nadob\u00fadaj\u00fa ve\u013ek\u00fa mieru samostatnosti. Ku koncu tohto obdobia zvl\u00e1daj\u00fa mnoh\u00e9 sebaobslu\u017en\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, napr. ob\u00favanie top\u00e1nok \u010di zap\u00ednanie gomb\u00edkov. Rozvinut\u00e1 motorika umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie stavby z <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/kocky-konstrukcne-hracky\/475\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">kociek<\/mark><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In\u00e9 \u010dlenenie poukazuje na nasleduj\u00face v\u00fdvinov\u00e9 \u00falohy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. rok \u017eivota<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vytv\u00e1ranie vz\u0165ahovej v\u00e4zby,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u010denie sa ch\u00f4dze,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u010denie sa prij\u00edma\u0165 tuh\u00fa stravu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u010denie sa hovori\u0165,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u010denie sa ovl\u00e1da\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 telo,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozvoj senzoricko-motorickej inteligencie,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozvoj komunik\u00e1cie medzi die\u0165a\u0165om a opatrovate\u013eom.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2.-3. rok \u017eivota<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zdokona\u013eovanie lokom\u00f3cie,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozvoj predstavivosti a abstraktn\u00e9ho myslenia,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rozvoj jazyka a jeho symbolickej funkcie,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sebaregul\u00e1cia (fyziologick\u00e1, emocion\u00e1lna, telesn\u00e1),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>formovanie jednoduch\u00fdch pojmov,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u010denie sa rozli\u0161ova\u0165 dobro a zlo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spr\u00e1vne zvolen\u00e9 pom\u00f4cky a hra\u010dky m\u00f4\u017eu stimulova\u0165 r\u00f4zne oblasti a kompetencie. Hra\u010dka, ktor\u00e1 podporuje die\u0165a pri \u201eplnen\u00ed\u201c v\u00fdvinovej \u00falohy, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00fdm darom pre opatrovate\u013eov a rodi\u010dov. N\u00fatenie det\u00ed k ur\u010dit\u00fdm \u010dinnostiam nikdy neprin\u00e1\u0161a dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky; naopak, nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm za\u010dle\u0148ovan\u00edm cvi\u010den\u00ed a v\u00fdziev im u\u013eah\u010dujeme cestu k pozn\u00e1vaniu sveta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/montessori-pre-starsie-deti\/7357\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Fazy-vyvinu-dietata-1-edited.jpg\" alt=\"Mal\u00fd chlapec sed\u00ed pri stole a sklad\u00e1 dreven\u00e9 eduka\u010dn\u00e9 puzzle v svetlej triede.\" class=\"wp-image-983\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Fazy-vyvinu-dietata-1-edited.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Fazy-vyvinu-dietata-1-edited-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Fazy-vyvinu-dietata-1-edited-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Fazy-vyvinu-dietata-1-edited-600x450.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863347\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">V\u00fdvin die\u0165a\u0165a a v\u00fdber didaktick\u00fdch pom\u00f4cok<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nasleduj\u00faca grafika predstavuje f\u00e1zy v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a spolu s primerane zvolen\u00fdmi hra\u010dkami zo s\u00fapravy <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/kognitivne-zrucnosti-dietata-edu-kit\/1128118\/457136\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">Kognit\u00edvne zru\u010dnosti die\u0165a\u0165a &#8211; EDU kit<\/mark><\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/montessori-pre-male-deti\/7355\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zrucnosti-rozvijane-jednotlivymi-hrackami-edited-1.jpg\" alt=\"Infografika zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00faca rozvoj die\u0165a\u0165a od narodenia do troch rokov pomocou montessori hra\u010diek\" class=\"wp-image-986\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zrucnosti-rozvijane-jednotlivymi-hrackami-edited-1.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zrucnosti-rozvijane-jednotlivymi-hrackami-edited-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/zrucnosti-rozvijane-jednotlivymi-hrackami-edited-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deti vo veku 0\u20133 mesiace e\u0161te nemaj\u00fa plne rozvinut\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie okolia a len sa neobratne u\u010dia ovl\u00e1da\u0165 svoje telo, uchopuj\u00fa prv\u00e9 predmety. V tomto obdob\u00ed posta\u010d\u00ed mal\u00e1 ply\u0161ov\u00e1 hra\u010dka, ktor\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed uchopovanie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V \u010fal\u0161\u00edch mesiacoch, ke\u010f sa deti za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa posadi\u0165 s oporou a odr\u00e1\u017ea\u0165 sa od <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/koberce-a-podlozky\/2444\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">podlo\u017eky<\/mark><\/a>, m\u00f4\u017eu vykon\u00e1va\u0165 u\u017e o nie\u010do zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie \u010dinnosti, napr. \u201eposu\u0148 a potras\u201c, ktor\u00e9 rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa nielen \u00fachop, ale aj schopnos\u0165 stl\u00e1\u010dania a pos\u00favania, alebo val\u010dek so zvon\u010dekom, ktor\u00fd stimuluje sluch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u010f sa die\u0165a dok\u00e1\u017ee samostatne pohybova\u0165 plazen\u00edm alebo ch\u00f4dzou, mo\u017eno zvoli\u0165 n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161ie aktivity stimuluj\u00face motoriku alebo vy\u017eaduj\u00face pochopenie zlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov. Napr. \u0161tvorec sa nezmest\u00ed do okr\u00fahlej n\u00e1doby, sila mojich r\u00fak p\u00f4sob\u00ed na predmety, m\u00f4\u017eem ich ot\u00e1\u010da\u0165, tla\u010di\u0165 a vtl\u00e1\u010da\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S ka\u017edou \u010fal\u0161ou hra\u010dkou zo s\u00fapravy rastie \u00farove\u0148 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti \u2013 nasleduj\u00face prvky si vy\u017eaduj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu presnos\u0165 pohybov, rozli\u0161ovanie farieb a tvarov. Niektor\u00e9 hra\u010dky maj\u00fa podobn\u00fd princ\u00edp fungovania, ale stimuluj\u00fa in\u00e9 oblasti a vy\u017eaduj\u00fa odli\u0161n\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti, napr. krabi\u010dka s lopti\u010dkou (die\u0165a vid\u00ed: hod\u00edm lopti\u010dku a ona vysko\u010d\u00ed \u2013 e\u0161te sa len u\u010d\u00ed rozpozn\u00e1va\u0165 d\u00f4sledky svojho konania) a krabi\u010dka so <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/senzoricke-lopticky\/165\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">senzorickou lopti\u010dkou<\/mark><\/a> (vy\u017eaduje vedom\u00e9 odsunutie z\u00e1suvky, re\u0165azec pr\u00ed\u010din a n\u00e1sledkov m\u00e1 viac \u010dl\u00e1nkov). \u010eal\u0161ie etapy zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa Montessori sklada\u010dky, triedi\u010de \u010di pom\u00f4cky podporuj\u00face v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu samostatnos\u0165 det\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uveden\u00e9 pr\u00edklady ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee hlavnou my\u0161lienkou a ve\u013ekou v\u00fdhodou s\u00fapravy je to, \u017ee \u201erastie\u201c spolu s die\u0165a\u0165om. Hra\u010dky a pom\u00f4cky boli vybran\u00e9 tak, aby postupne podporovali deti v jednotliv\u00fdch v\u00fdvinov\u00fdch f\u00e1zach a vzbudzovali ich z\u00e1ujem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z\u00e1rove\u0148 poskytuj\u00fa prostredie pripraven\u00e9 v s\u00falade so z\u00e1sadami Montessori pedagogiky, stimuluj\u00fa detsk\u00fa zvedavos\u0165, povzbudzuj\u00fa k objavovaniu a u\u010dia prostredn\u00edctvom \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863348\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Legenda &#8211; zru\u010dnosti rozv\u00edjan\u00e9 jednotliv\u00fdmi hra\u010dkami<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Posu\u0148 a potras &#8211; rozv\u00edja hmatov\u00e9 a sluchov\u00e9 vn\u00edmanie, jemn\u00fa motoriku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Val\u010dek so zvon\u010dekom &#8211; rozv\u00edja sluch, koordin\u00e1ciu ruka\u2013oko, uvedomenie si pohybu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prv\u00e9 kocky &#8211; rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa jemn\u00fa motoriku a koordin\u00e1ciu ruka\u2013oko.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hrk\u00e1lka a kr\u00fa\u017eky &#8211; precvi\u010duj\u00fa \u00fachop a zrakovo-pohybov\u00fa koordin\u00e1ciu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Krabi\u010dka s lopti\u010dkou &#8211; u\u010d\u00ed pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 myslenie, rozv\u00edja motoriku a presnos\u0165 pohybov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Val\u010dek s gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkami &#8211; podnecuje zvedavos\u0165 a stimuluje sluch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Prira\u010f tvar &#8211; u\u010d\u00ed princ\u00edpy pr\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledku, logick\u00e9 myslenie a rozpozn\u00e1vanie tvarov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rozto\u010d bubienok &#8211; posil\u0148uje svaly dlane.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ko\u0161\u00edk s lopti\u010dkami &#8211; rozv\u00edja \u00fachop, koordin\u00e1ciu ruka\u2013oko, u\u010d\u00ed odhad vzdialenosti a h\u00e1dzanie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0160myk\u013eavka s gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkami &#8211; precvi\u010duje presnos\u0165 pohybov a pom\u00e1ha pochopi\u0165 pojem p\u00e1du.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farebn\u00e9 kol\u00edky &#8211; vy\u017eaduj\u00fa presnos\u0165, s\u00fastredenie a prec\u00edznos\u0165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farebn\u00e1 navlieka\u010dka &#8211; precvi\u010duje \u00fachop a presnos\u0165 ruky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z\u00e1suvka s lopti\u010dkou &#8211; rozv\u00edja schopnos\u0165 predv\u00edda\u0165 v\u00fdsledky \u010dinnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Moje prv\u00e9 puzzle &#8211; rozv\u00edjaj\u00fa pozornos\u0165 a vn\u00edmavos\u0165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Triediaca krabi\u010dka &#8211; pom\u00e1ha u\u010di\u0165 sa klasifikova\u0165 a triedi\u0165.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geometrick\u00fd triedi\u010d &#8211; u\u010d\u00ed rozli\u0161ova\u0165 tvary a farby.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizont\u00e1lna navlieka\u010dka &#8211; rozv\u00edja jemn\u00fa motoriku a zoznamuje s \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi farbami.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geometrick\u00e1 navlieka\u010dka &#8211; \u010fal\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 rozvoja presnosti pohybov a jemnej motoriky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Krabi\u010dka so senzorickou lopti\u010dkou &#8211; pom\u00e1ha ch\u00e1pa\u0165 zlo\u017eitej\u0161ie pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Geometrick\u00e1 prevliekanka &#8211; vy\u017eaduje vysok\u00fa presnos\u0165 r\u00fak a rozli\u0161ovanie farieb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>R\u00e1miky na zap\u00ednanie (3 ks) &#8211; samostatnos\u0165 a sebaobsluha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nav\u00edjanie l\u00e1tky &#8211; vy\u017eaduje pochopenie zlo\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch re\u0165azcov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Krabi\u010dka s prekvapen\u00edm &#8211; stimuluje senzorick\u00fd syst\u00e9m a rozv\u00edja hmat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farebn\u00e9 val\u010deky &#8211; precvi\u010duj\u00fa presn\u00e9 vtl\u00e1\u010danie.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc218863349\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Zhrnutie<\/mark><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Montessori hra\u010dky predstaven\u00e9 v \u010dl\u00e1nku pom\u00e1haj\u00fa stimulova\u0165 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 oblasti v\u00fdvinu najmen\u0161\u00edch det\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Senzorick\u00fd v\u00fdvin<\/strong> \u2013 spozn\u00e1vanie sveta prostredn\u00edctvom dotyku, zraku a sluchu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Motorick\u00fd v\u00fdvin<\/strong> \u2013 zdokona\u013eovanie presnosti pohybov, koordin\u00e1cie ruka\u2013oko.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kognit\u00edvny v\u00fdvin<\/strong> \u2013 logick\u00e9 myslenie, pr\u00ed\u010dinno-n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 vz\u0165ahy, rie\u0161enie probl\u00e9mov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pri v\u00fdbere pom\u00f4cok pre deti v jas\u013eovom veku je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 bra\u0165 do \u00favahy k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00fdvinov\u00e9 f\u00e1zy aj kvalitu materi\u00e1lov, z ktor\u00fdch s\u00fa predmety vyroben\u00e9. Hra\u010dky by mali by\u0165 podnetn\u00e9, odoln\u00e9 a bezpe\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poz\u00fdvame v\u00e1s nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 obchod insGraf <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/montessori-pomocky-vzdelavacie\/7354\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/montessori-pomocky-vzdelavacie\/7354<\/mark><\/a>, kde n\u00e1jdete \u0161irok\u00fd v\u00fdber <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/produkty\/26\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">produktov <\/mark><\/a>vytvoren\u00fdch s oh\u013eadom na v\u00fdchovu die\u0165a\u0165a v duchu Montessori pedagogiky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Montessori pedagogika, ktor\u00fa vytvorila talianska lek\u00e1rka a pedagogi\u010dka Maria Montessori, je vzdel\u00e1vac\u00ed pr\u00edstup zameran\u00fd na podporu prirodzen\u00e9ho v\u00fdvinu die\u0165a\u0165a prostredn\u00edctvom<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":972,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,11,9,5,10,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-didakticke-pomocky","category-inkluzivne-vzdelavanie","category-jasle","category-materske-skoly","category-senzoricka-integracia-si","category-zakladne-skoly","comments-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=965"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":984,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/965\/revisions\/984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}